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- [User's guide](#users-guide)
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- [Getting started](#getting-started)
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- [Authorization](#authorization)
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- [Administration panel](#administration-panel)
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- [Creating an annotation task](#creating-an-annotation-task)
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- [Model manager](#model-manager)
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- [Search](#search)
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- [Interface of the annotation tool](#interface-of-the-annotation-tool)
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- [Basic navigation](#basic-navigation)
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- [Types of shapes (basics)](#types-of-shapes-basics)
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- [Annotation mode (basics)](#annotation-mode-basics)
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- [Interpolation mode (basics)](#interpolation-mode-basics)
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- [Attribute annotation mode (basics)](#attribute-annotation-mode-basics)
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- [Downloading annotations](#downloading-annotations)
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- [Task synchronization with a repository](#task-synchronization-with-a-repository)
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- [Vocabulary](#vocabulary)
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- [Workspace — Context menu](#workspace--context-menu)
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- [Settings](#settings)
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- [Bottom Panel](#bottom-panel)
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- [Side panel](#side-panel)
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- [Objects](#objects)
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- [Labels](#labels)
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- [Bottom side panel](#bottom-side-panel)
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- [Fullscreen player mode](#fullscreen-player-mode)
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- [Annotation mode (advanced)](#annotation-mode-advanced)
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- [Interpolation mode (advanced)](#interpolation-mode-advanced)
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- [Attribute annotation mode (advanced)](#attribute-annotation-mode-advanced)
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- [Annotation with polygons](#annotation-with-polygons)
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- [Annotation with polylines](#annotation-with-polylines)
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- [Annotation with points](#annotation-with-points)
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- [Annotation with Auto Segmentation](#annotation-with-auto-segmentation)
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- [Auto annotation](#auto-annotation)
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- [Shape grouping](#shape-grouping)
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- [Filter](#filter)
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- [Analytics](#analytics)
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- [Shortcuts](#shortcuts)
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- [Hints](#hints)
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# User's guide
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Computer Vision Annotation Tool (CVAT) is a web-based tool which helps to
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annotate videos and images for Computer Vision algorithms. It was inspired
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by [Vatic](http://carlvondrick.com/vatic/) free, online, interactive video
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annotation tool. CVAT has many powerful features: _interpolation of bounding
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boxes between key frames, automatic annotation using deep learning models,
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shortcuts for most of critical actions, dashboard with a list of annotation
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tasks, LDAP and basic authorization, etc..._ It was created for and used by
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a professional data annotation team. UX and UI were optimized especially for
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computer vision tasks developed by our team.
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## Getting started
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### Authorization
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- First of all, you have to log in to CVAT tool.
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- You can register a user but by default it will not have rights even to view
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list of tasks. Thus you should create a superuser. The superuser can use
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[Django administration panel](http://localhost:8080/admin) to assign correct
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groups to the user. Please use the command below to create an admin account:
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``docker exec -it cvat bash -ic '/usr/bin/python3 ~/manage.py createsuperuser'``
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- If you want to create a non-admin account, you can do that using the link below
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on the login page. Don't forget to modify permissions for the new user in the
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administration panel. There are several groups (aka roles): admin, user,
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annotator, observer.
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### Administration panel
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Go to the [Django administration panel](http://localhost:8080/admin). There you can:
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- Create / edit / delete users
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- Control permissions of users and access to the tool.
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### Creating an annotation task
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1. Create an annotation task pressing ``Create New Task`` button on the main page.
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1. Specify mandatory parameters of the task.
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You have to fill in ``Name``, ``Labels`` and press the ``Select Files`` button.
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After that you have to choose data you want to annotate.
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**Labels**. Use the following layout to create labels:
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``label_name <prefix>input_type=attribute_name:attribute_value1,attribute_value2``.
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You can specify multiple labels and attributes and divide them pressing the space button.
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Attributes belong to a previous label.
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Example:
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- ``vehicle @select=type:__undefined__,car,truck,bus,train ~radio=quality:good,bad ~checkbox=parked:false`` -
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one label with multiple attributes
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- ``car person bike`` - three labels without attributes
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- ``circle @radio=color:green,red,blue @number=radius:0,10,0.1 line square`` -
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one label with two attributes and two labels without attributes
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``label_name``: for example _vehicle, person, face etc._
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``<prefix>``:
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- Use ``@`` for unique attributes which cannot be changed from frame to frame _(e.g. age, gender, color, etc.)_
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- Use ``~`` for temporary attributes which can be changed on any frame _(e.g. quality, pose, truncated, etc.)_
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``input_type``: the following input types are available ``select``, ``checkbox``, ``radio``, ``number``, ``text``.
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``attribute_name``: for example, _age, quality, parked_
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``attribute_value``: for example, _middle-age, good, true_
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Default value for an attribute is the first value after "``:``".
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For ``select`` and ``radio`` input types the special value is available: ``__undefined__``.
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Specify this value first if an attribute should be annotated explicitly.
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**Bug Tracker**. Specify full bug tracker's URL if you have it.
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**Dataset Repository**. URL link of the repository optionally specifies the path to the repository for storage
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(``default: annotation / <dump_file_name> .zip``).
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The .zip and .xml file extension of annotation are supported.
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Field format: ``URL [PATH]`` example: ``https://github.com/project/repos.git [1/2/3/4/annotation.xml]``
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Supported URL formats :
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- ``https://github.com/project/repos[.git]``
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- ``github.com/project/repos[.git]``
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- ``git@github.com:project/repos[.git]``
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The task will be highlighted in red after creation if annotation isn't synchronized with the repository.
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**Use LFS**. If the annotation file is large, you can create a repository with
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[LFS](https://git-lfs.github.com/) support.
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**Source**. Choose "Local" if you want to use files from your PC.
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Choose the "Remote" option if you want to use a one url-adress or a list.
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To create huge tasks please use shared server directory (choose "Share").
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**Z-Order**. Defines the order on drawn polygons. Check the box for enable layered displaying.
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**Overlap Size**. Use this option to make overlapped segments.
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The option makes tracks continuous from one segment into another.
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Use it for interpolation mode. There are several options for using the parameter:
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- For an interpolation task (video sequence).
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If you annotate a bounding box on two adjacent segments they will be merged into one bounding box.
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If overlap equals to zero or annotation is poor on adjacent segments inside a dumped annotation file,
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you will have several tracks, one for each segment, which corresponds to the object.
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- For an annotation task (independent images).
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If an object exists on overlapped segments, the overlap is greater than zero
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and the annotation is good enough on adjacent segments, it will be automatically merged into one object.
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If overlap equals to zero or annotation is poor on adjacent segments inside a dumped annotation file,
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you will have several bounding boxes for the same object.
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Thus, you annotate an object on the first segment.
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You annotate the same object on second segment, and if you do it right, you
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will have one track inside the annotations.
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If annotations on different segments (on overlapped frames)
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are very different, you will have two shapes for the same object.
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This functionality works only for bounding boxes.
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Polygons, polylines, points don't support automatic merge on overlapped segments
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even the overlap parameter isn't zero and match between corresponding shapes on adjacent segments is perfect.
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**Segment size**. Use this option to divide a huge dataset into a few smaller segments.
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For example, one job cannot be annotated by several labelers (it isn't supported).
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Thus using "segment size" you can create several jobs for the same annotation task.
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It will help you to parallel data annotation process.
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**Image Quality**. Use this option to specify quality of uploaded images.
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The option helps to load high resolution datasets faster.
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Use the value from ``1`` (completely compressed images) to ``95`` (almost not compressed images).
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**Frame Filter**. Use this option to filter video frames.
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For example, enter ``step=25`` to leave every twenty fifth frame in the video. Use this option on video files only.
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**Select files or URL list**. If you select `` Remote`` in `` Source``, you'll see a field where you can enter
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a list of URLs (one URL per line).
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Press `` Local`` or `` Share`` in the `` source`` field to choose some files
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for anotation from your local PC or a network folder respectively.
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Push ``Submit`` button and it will be added into the list of annotation tasks.
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Then, the created task will be displayed on a dashboard:
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1. The Dashboard contains elements and each of them relates to a separate task. They are sorted in creation order.
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Each element contains: task name, preview, execution status, buttons, and one or more links.
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Each button is responsible for a specific function:
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- ``Dump Annotation`` — download an annotation file from a task. Several formats are available:
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- [CVAT XML 1.1 for video](/cvat/apps/documentation/xml_format.md#interpolation)
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is highlighted if a task has the interpolation mode
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- [CVAT XML 1.1 for images](/cvat/apps/documentation/xml_format.md#annotation)
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is highlighted if a task has the annotation mode
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- [PASCAL VOC ZIP 1.0](http://host.robots.ox.ac.uk/pascal/VOC/)
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- [YOLO ZIP 1.0](https://pjreddie.com/darknet/yolo/)
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- [COCO JSON 1.0](http://cocodataset.org/#format-data)
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- ``MASK ZIP 1.0`` — archive contains a mask of each frame in the png format and a text file
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with the value of each color
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- [TFRecord ZIP 1.0](https://www.tensorflow.org/tutorials/load_data/tf_records)
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- ``Upload annotation`` is possible in same format as ``Dump annotation``, with exception of ``MASK ZIP 1.0``
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format and without choosing whether [CVAT XML 1.1](/cvat/apps/documentation/xml_format.md)
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refers to an image or video.
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- ``Update Task`` — bring up "Update task" panel. It is used to edit or add labels line
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- ``Delete Task`` — delete the task
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- ``Git Repository Sync`` — sync annotation with the dataset repository.
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It is available only if you specify a dataset repository when the task has been created.
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- ``Run TF Annotation`` — automatic annotation with Tensorflow Object Detection API.
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Presence depends on how you build CVAT instance
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- ``Run Auto Annotation`` — automatic annotation with OpenVINO toolkit.
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Presence depends on how you build CVAT instance.
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Item color depends on status of synchronization with the dataset repository:
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``red`` means annotations are not synchronized with the repository,
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``yellow`` means annotations are in a temporary branch of the repository,
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``green`` means annotations are merged into the repository.
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1. Follow a link inside ``Jobs`` section to start annotation process.
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In some cases, you can have several links. It depends on size of your
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task and ``Overlap Size`` and ``Segment Size`` parameters. To improve
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UX, only the first several frames will be loaded and you will be able
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to annotate first images. Other frames will be loaded in background.
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### Model manager
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The application will be enabled automatically if [OpenVINO™ component](/components/openvino/README.md) is installed.
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It allows to use custom models for auto annotation. Only models in OpenVINO™ toolkit format are supported.
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If you would like to annotate a task with a custom model,
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please convert it to the intermediate representation (IR) format via the model optimizer tool.
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See [OpenVINO documentation](https://software.intel.com/en-us/articles/OpenVINO-InferEngine) for details.
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You can "register" a model and "use" it after that to pre annotate your tasks.
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The model manager allows you to manage your deep learning (DL) models uploaded for auto annotation.
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Using the functionality you can upload, update or delete a specific DL model.
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Use "Auto annotation" button to pre annotate a task using one of your DL models.
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[Read more](/cvat/apps/auto_annotation)
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### Search
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There are several options how to use the search.
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- Search within all fields (owner, assignee, task name, task status, task mode).
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To execute enter a search string in search field.
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- Search for specific fields. How to perform:
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- ``owner: admin`` - all tasks created by the user who has the substring "admin" in his name
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- ``assignee: employee`` - all tasks which are assigned to a user who has the substring "employee" in his name
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- ``name: mighty`` - all tasks with the substring "mighty" in their names
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- ``mode: annotation`` or ``mode: interpolation`` - all tasks with images or videos.
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- ``status: annotation`` or ``status: validation`` or ``status: completed`` - search by status
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- ``id: 5`` - task with id = 5.
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- Multiple filters. Filters can be combined (except for the identifier) using the keyword `` AND``:
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- ``mode: interpolation AND owner: admin``
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- ``mode: annotation and status: annotation``
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The search is case insensitive.
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## Interface of the annotation tool
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The tool consists of:
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- ``Workspace`` — where images are shown;
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- ``Bottom panel`` (under workspace) — for navigation, filtering annotation and accessing tools' menu;
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- ``Side panel`` — contains two lists: objects (on the frame) and labels (of objects on the frame);
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- ``Bottom side panel`` — contains the main annotation functions (create, merge, group objects).
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Here you can choose a type of shape, a label you want to annotate and a mode (annotation or interpolation)
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There is also:
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- ``Settings`` (F2) — the button inside ``Open Menu`` in the bottom panel. Contains different parameters
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which can be adjusted according to the user's needs.
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- ``Context menu`` — available on right mouse button.
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### Basic navigation
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1. Use arrows below to move on next/previous frame.
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Use the scroll bar slider to scroll through frames.
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Almost every button is covered by a shortcut.
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To get a hint about a shortcut, just put your mouse pointer over an UI element.
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1. An image can be scaled in/out using mouse's wheel. The image will be zoomed relatively your current cursor position.
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Thus, if you point on an object, it will be under your mouse during zooming process.
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1. An image can be moved/shifted by holding left mouse button inside some area without annotated objects.
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If ``Mouse Wheel`` is pressed, then all annotated objects are ignored.
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Otherwise, a highlighted bounding box will be moved instead of the image itself.
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### Types of shapes (basics)
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There are four shapes which you can annotate your images with:
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- ``box``
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- ``polygon``
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- ``polyline``
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- ``points``
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- ``auto segmentation``
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And there is how they all look like:
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### Annotation mode (basics)
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Usage examples:
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- Create new annotations for a set of images.
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- Add/modify/delete objects for existing annotations.
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1. Before starting, you need to check if ``Annotation`` is selected:
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1. Create a new annotation:
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- Choose a right ``Shape`` (box etc.) and ``Label`` (was specified by you while creating the task) beforehand:
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- Create a bounding box by clicking on ``Create Shape`` button or ``N`` shortcut.
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Choose opposite points. Your first bounding box is ready!
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- It is possible to adjust boundaries and location of the bounding box using mouse.
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Box's size is shown in the top right corner , you can check it clicking on the one point of box.
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You can also undo your actions using ``Ctrl+Z`` and redo them with ``Shift+Ctrl+Z`` or ``Ctrl+Y``.
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1. In the list of objects you can see the labeled car.
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In the side panel you can perform basic operations under the object — choose attributes,
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change its label or delete box.
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1. The following figure is an example of fully annotated frame in ``Annotation`` mode.
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### Interpolation mode (basics)
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Usage examples:
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- Create new annotations for a sequence of frames.
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- Add/modify/delete objects for existing annotations.
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- Edit tracks, merge a lot of bounding boxes into one track.
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1. Before starting, you have to be sure that ``Interpolation`` is selected.
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1. Create a track for an object (look at the selected car as an example):
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- Annotate a bounding box on the first frame for the object.
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- In ``Interpolation`` mode the bounding box will be interpolated on next frames automatically.
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1. If the object starts to change its position, you need to modify bounding
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boxes where it happens. It isn't necessary to change bounding boxes on each
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frame. It is enough to update several key frames and frames between them
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will be interpolated automatically. See an example below:
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- The car starts moving on frame #630. Let's mark the frame as a key frame.
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You can press ``K`` for that or push ``star`` button (see the screenshot below)
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- Let's jump 30 frames forward and adjust boundaries of the object.
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- After that, bounding boxes of the object between 630 and 660 frames
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will be changed automatically. For example, frame #645 looks like on the figure below:
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1. When the annotated object disappears or becomes too small, you need to
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finish the track. You have to choose ``Outside Property``, shortcut ``O``.
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1. If the object isn't visible on a couple of frames and then appears again,
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you can use ``Merge Tracks`` feature to merge several individual tracks
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into one.
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- Let's create a track for the bus.
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After that, you should create a track when it appears again on the sequence of frames.
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- Press ``Merge Tracks`` button and click on any bounding box of the
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|
first track and on any bounding box of the second track.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
- Press ``Apply Merge`` button to apply changes.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
- The final annotated sequence of frames in ``Interpolation`` mode can
|
|
|
look like the clip below:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
### Attribute annotation mode (basics)
|
|
|
|
|
|
- In this mode you can edit attributes with fast navigation between
|
|
|
objects and frames using keyboard. Press ``Shift+Enter`` shortcut
|
|
|
to enter the mode. After that, you can change attributes using a keyboard.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
- The active attribute will be red. It is ``gender`` in this case. Look at
|
|
|
the bottom side panel to see all possible shortcuts for changing the
|
|
|
attribute. Press ``2`` key on your keyboard to assign ``female`` value for
|
|
|
the attribute.
|
|
|
|
|
|
 
|
|
|
|
|
|
- Press ``Up Arrow``/``Down Arrow`` on your keyboard to go to next/previous
|
|
|
attribute. In this case, after pressing ``Down Arrow`` you will be able to
|
|
|
edit ``Age`` attribute.
|
|
|
|
|
|
 
|
|
|
|
|
|
- Use ``Right Arrow``/``Left Arrow`` keys to move on previous/next image with annotation.
|
|
|
|
|
|
### Downloading annotations
|
|
|
|
|
|
1. To download the latest annotations, you have to save all changes first.
|
|
|
To do this, click ``Open Menu`` button.
|
|
|
|
|
|
1. After that, press ``Save Work`` button. There is ``Ctrl+S``
|
|
|
shortcut to save annotations quickly.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1. After that, press ``Dump Annotation`` button.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1. Choose format dump annotation file. Dump annotation are available in several formats:
|
|
|
- [CVAT XML 1.1 for video](/cvat/apps/documentation/xml_format.md#interpolation)
|
|
|
is highlighted if a task has the interpolation mode
|
|
|
- [CVAT XML 1.1 for images](/cvat/apps/documentation/xml_format.md#annotation)
|
|
|
is highlighted if a task has the annotation mode
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
- [PASCAL VOC ZIP 1.0](http://host.robots.ox.ac.uk/pascal/VOC/)
|
|
|
- [YOLO ZIP 1.0](https://pjreddie.com/darknet/yolo/)
|
|
|
- [COCO JSON 1.0](http://cocodataset.org/#format-data)
|
|
|
- ``MASK ZIP 1.0`` — archive contains a mask of each frame in the png format and a text file with
|
|
|
the value of each color
|
|
|
- [TFRecord ZIP 1.0](https://www.tensorflow.org/tutorials/load_data/tf_records)
|
|
|
|
|
|
### Task synchronization with a repository
|
|
|
|
|
|
1. At the end of the annotation process, a task is synchronized clicking
|
|
|
the `` Git Repository Sync`` on the main page. Notice: this feature
|
|
|
works only if a git repository was specified when the task was created.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1. Clicking `` Sync`` starts synchronization of annotation with the
|
|
|
repository, the url address of which is specified in the
|
|
|
``Repository URL`` field. The synchronization process may take some time.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1. After synchronization, the task in the list is highlighted in yellow. The
|
|
|
annotation is now in the repository, in a temporary branch.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1. The next step is to go to the repository and manually create a pull request to the main branch.
|
|
|
1. After confirming the PR, when the annotation is saved in the main branch, the color of the task changes to green.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
### Vocabulary
|
|
|
|
|
|
**Bounding box** is an area which defines boundaries of an object. To specify
|
|
|
it, you need to define two opposite corners.
|
|
|
|
|
|
**Tight bounding box** is a bounding box where margin between the object inside
|
|
|
and boundaries of the box is absent. This type of bounding box is used in most
|
|
|
tasks by default, but precision completely depends on an annotation task.
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Bounding box | Tight bounding box |
|
|
|
| ------------ | :----------------: |
|
|
|
|  |  |
|
|
|
|
|
|
---
|
|
|
**Label** is a type of an annotated object (e.g. person, car, face, etc.)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
---
|
|
|
|
|
|
**Attribute** is a property of an annotated object (e.g. color, model,
|
|
|
quality, etc.). There are two types of attributes:
|
|
|
|
|
|
- **Unique**: immutable and can't be changed from frame to frame (e.g. age, gender, color, etc.)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
- **Temporary**: mutable and can be changed on any frame (e.g. quality, pose, truncated, etc.)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
---
|
|
|
**Track** is a set of shapes on different frames which corresponds to one object. Tracks are created in ``Interpolation mode``
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
---
|
|
|
**Annotation** is a set of shapes and tracks. There are several types of annotations:
|
|
|
- _Manual_ which is created by a person
|
|
|
- _Semi-automatic_ which is created mainly automatically, but the user provides some data (e.g. interpolation)
|
|
|
- _Automatic_ which is created automatically without a person in the loop
|
|
|
|
|
|
---
|
|
|
### Workspace — Context menu
|
|
|
|
|
|
Press the ``Right mouse button`` to see the context menu.
|
|
|
|
|
|
Next options are available clicking inside bounding box:
|
|
|
- ``Copy Object URL`` — copying to the buffer address of an object on the frame
|
|
|
in the task
|
|
|
- ``Change Color`` — change color of active shape
|
|
|
- ``Remove Shape`` — deleting the shape
|
|
|
- ``Switch Occluded`` — attribute is used if an object is occluded by another
|
|
|
object or isn't fully visible on the frame. Use the ``Q`` shortcut to set the
|
|
|
property quickly.
|
|
|
- ``Switch Lock`` — block editing the active shape
|
|
|
- ``Enable Dragging`` — (only for polygons) allows to adjust polygons position
|
|
|
- ``Split`` — allows to split an interpolated track into two separate tracks. This function is the opposite
|
|
|
of the merge function.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Clicking on the points of poly-shapes, ``Remove`` option is available.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Clicking outside any shapes, you can copy ``Frame URL`` (link to present frame) or ``Job URL`` (link from address bar)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Applying ``split`` into an interpolated track divides it into two separate tracks.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
---
|
|
|
### Settings
|
|
|
|
|
|
Press ``F2`` to access settings menu.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
There is ``Player Settings`` which adjusts ``Workspace`` and ``Other Settings``.
|
|
|
|
|
|
In ``Player Settings`` you can:
|
|
|
- Control step of ``C`` and ``V`` shortcuts
|
|
|
- Control speed of ``Space``/``Play`` button
|
|
|
- Show every image in full or zoomed out like previous
|
|
|
(it is enabled by default for interpolation mode and disabled for annotation mode)
|
|
|
- Enable ``Grid`` when you don't need small objects. ``Grid`` can have
|
|
|
different opacity, color and cells' size — use ``F2`` to configure settings.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
- Adjust ``Brightness``/``Contrast``/``Saturation`` of too exposing or too
|
|
|
dark images using ``F2`` — color settings (changes displaying and not the
|
|
|
image itself).
|
|
|
|
|
|
Shortcuts:
|
|
|
- ``Shift+B``/``Alt+B`` for brightness
|
|
|
- ``Shift+C``/``Alt+C`` for contrast
|
|
|
- ``Shift+S``/``Alt+S`` for saturation
|
|
|
- ``F2`` —> ``Reset Color Settings`` to default values
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
``Other Settings`` contains:
|
|
|
- ``Show All Interpolation Tracks`` checkbox — shows hidden object on the
|
|
|
side panel for every interpolated object (turned off by default)
|
|
|
- ``AAM Zoom Margin`` slider — defines margins for shape in attribute annotation mode
|
|
|
- ``Enable AutoSaving`` checkbox — turned off by default
|
|
|
- ``AutoSaving Interval (min)`` input box — 15 minutes by default
|
|
|
- ``Rotate all images`` checkbox — switch the rotation of all frames / individual frame
|
|
|
|
|
|
---
|
|
|
### Bottom Panel
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
---
|
|
|
Go to the first and latest frames.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
---
|
|
|
Go to the next/previous frame with a predefined step. Shortcuts:
|
|
|
``V`` — step backward, ``C`` — step forward. By default the step is ``10``
|
|
|
(change at ``Open Menu`` —> ``Settings`` —> ``Player Step``).
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
---
|
|
|
Go to the next/previous frame with step equals to 1. Shortcuts: ``D`` — previous, ``F`` — next.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
---
|
|
|
Play the sequence of frames or the set of images. Shortcut: ``Space`` (change at ``Open Menu`` —> ``Settings`` —> ``Player Speed``).
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
---
|
|
|
Go to specified frame. Press ``~`` to focus on the element.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
---
|
|
|
**Open Menu** button
|
|
|
|
|
|
It is the main menu of the annotation tool. It can be used to download, upload and remove annotations.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Button assignment:
|
|
|
|
|
|
- ``Open Task`` — open task in cvat dashboard
|
|
|
- ``RunReID Merge`` — The ReID application uses deep learning model to perform
|
|
|
an automatic merging of bounding boxes between neighbor frames. You can use
|
|
|
"Merge" and "Split" functionality to edit automatically generated annotation
|
|
|
[read more](/cvat/apps/reid).
|
|
|
- ``Dump Annotation`` — download annotations from the task
|
|
|
- ``Upload Annotation`` — uploading annotations to the task
|
|
|
- ``Remove Annotation`` — remove annotations from current task
|
|
|
- ``Settings`` — open the settings menu
|
|
|
- ``Fullscreen Player`` — fullscreen player mode
|
|
|
- ``Switch AAM`` — switch to attribute annotation mode
|
|
|
- ``Help`` — open the shortkeys
|
|
|
- ``Save Work`` — save annotations for the current job. The button has an
|
|
|
indication of the saving process
|
|
|
|
|
|
It also shows statistics about the current task, for example:
|
|
|
- task name
|
|
|
- status of the task: ``annotation``, ``validation`` or ``completed task``
|
|
|
- technical information about task
|
|
|
- number of created bounding boxes, sorted by labels (e.g. vehicle, person) and
|
|
|
type of annotation (polygons, boxes, etc.)
|
|
|
|
|
|
---
|
|
|
**Filter** input box
|
|
|
|
|
|
The way how to use filters is described in the advanced guide (below).
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
---
|
|
|
**History / Undo-redo** panel
|
|
|
|
|
|
Use ``Ctrl+Z`` for undo actions and ``Ctrl+Shift+Z`` or ``Ctrl+Y`` to redo them.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
---
|
|
|
**Propagation** input box
|
|
|
|
|
|
Allows you to select how many frames of the selected object will be copied clicking ``Ctrl+B`` (50 by default)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
---
|
|
|
**Rotation** of an image
|
|
|
|
|
|
Buttons are used to rotate the image clockwise / counterclockwise or use ``Ctrl+R``/``Ctrl+Shift+R``
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
---
|
|
|
**Fill Opacity** slider
|
|
|
|
|
|
Change opacity of every bounding box in the annotation.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Opacity can be changed from 0% to 100% and by random colors or white. If any
|
|
|
white option is chosen, ``Color By`` scheme won't work.
|
|
|
|
|
|
**Selected Fill Opacity** slider
|
|
|
|
|
|
Change the opacity of the selected object's fill.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Opacity can be changed from 0% to 100%.
|
|
|
|
|
|
**Black Stroke** checkbox
|
|
|
|
|
|
Change bounding box border from white/colored to black.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
**Color By** options
|
|
|
|
|
|
Change the color scheme of annotation:
|
|
|
- ``Instance`` — every bounding box has random color
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
- ``Group`` — every group of boxes has its own random color, ungrouped boxes are white
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
- ``Label`` — every label (e.g. vehicle, pedestrian, road marks) has its own random color
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
You can change any random color pointing on needed box on a frame or on a
|
|
|
side panel and press ``Enter``.
|
|
|
|
|
|
---
|
|
|
### Side panel
|
|
|
|
|
|
#### Objects
|
|
|
In the side panel you can see the list of available objects on the current
|
|
|
frame. The following figure is an example of how a list might look like:
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Annotation mode | Interpolation mode |
|
|
|
|-- |-- |
|
|
|
|  |  |
|
|
|
|
|
|
#### Labels
|
|
|
You can also see all labels that were used on this frame and highlight them clicking on a label you need
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
---
|
|
|
**Objects** on the side bar
|
|
|
|
|
|
A shape can be removed. Shortcut: ``Delete``. You can delete a locked shape using the ``Shift+Delete`` shortcut.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
---
|
|
|
A shape can be locked to prevent its modification or moving by an accident. Shortcut to lock an object: ``L``.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
---
|
|
|
A shape can be **Occluded**. Shortcut: ``Q``. Such shapes have dashed boundaries.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
---
|
|
|
You can copy and paste an object in a particular frame. The keyboard
|
|
|
shortcuts ``Ctrl + C`` / ``Ctrl + V`` work when you hover over an object
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
---
|
|
|
You can propagate an object in the following X frames. The keyboard
|
|
|
shortcut ``Ctrl + B`` works when you hover the mouse over an object. You can
|
|
|
change the number of propagating frames in the bottom panel.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
---
|
|
|
You can change the way an object is displayed on a frame.
|
|
|
It could be hide, shows only box, shows box and title. ``H`` is for this
|
|
|
object, ``T+H`` for all objects on this frame.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
---
|
|
|
The type of a shape can be changed selecting **Label** property. For instance, it can look like on the figure below:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
To change a type of a highlighted shape using keyboard, you need to press ``Shift+<number>``.
|
|
|
|
|
|
### Bottom side panel
|
|
|
|
|
|
- ``Create Shape`` (``N``) — start/stop drawing new shape mode
|
|
|
- ``Merge Shapes`` (``M``) — start/stop merging shapes mode
|
|
|
- ``Group Shapes`` (``G``) — start/stop grouping shapes mode
|
|
|
- ``Label Type`` — (e.g. face, person, vehicle)
|
|
|
- ``Working Mode`` — Annotation or Interpolation modes. You can't interpolate
|
|
|
polygons/polylines/points, but you can propagate them using ``Ctrl+B`` or
|
|
|
merge into a track
|
|
|
- ``Shape Type`` — (e.g. box, polygon, polyline, points)
|
|
|
- ``Poly Shape Size`` — (optional) hard number of dots for creating polygon, polyline and points shapes
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
### Fullscreen player mode
|
|
|
|
|
|
Go to ``Open Menu`` —> ``Fullscreen Player``
|
|
|
Exit with ``F11`` or ``Ecs``.
|
|
|
|
|
|
This is how it looks like.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
## Annotation mode (advanced)
|
|
|
|
|
|
Basic operations in the mode were described above.
|
|
|
|
|
|
**Occluded** attribute is used if an object is occluded by another object or
|
|
|
isn't fully visible on the frame. Use ``Q`` shortcut to set the property
|
|
|
quickly.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Example: both cars on the figure below should be labeled as **occluded**.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
If a frame contains too many objects and it is difficult to annotate them
|
|
|
due to many shapes that are placed mostly in the same place, it makes sense
|
|
|
to lock them. Shapes for locked objects are transparent, and it is easy to
|
|
|
annotate new objects. Besides, you can't change previously annotated objects
|
|
|
by accident. Shortcut: ``L``.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
## Interpolation mode (advanced)
|
|
|
|
|
|
Basic operations in the mode were described above.
|
|
|
|
|
|
Bounding boxes that were created in the mode, have extra navigation buttons.
|
|
|
- These buttons help to jump to previous/next key frame.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
- The button helps to jump to initial frame for the object (first bounding box for the track).
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
## Attribute annotation mode (advanced)
|
|
|
|
|
|
Basic operations in the mode was described above.
|
|
|
|
|
|
It is possible to handle lots of objects on the same frame in the mode.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
It is more convenient to annotate objects of the same type. You can specify
|
|
|
the appropriate filter in this case. For example, the following filter will
|
|
|
hide all objects except pedestrians: ``pedestrian``.
|
|
|
|
|
|
To navigate between objects (pedestrians in the case), use the following shortcuts:
|
|
|
- ``Tab`` — go to the next object
|
|
|
- ``Shift+Tab`` — go to the previous object.
|
|
|
|
|
|
By default, objects in the mode are zoomed. Check
|
|
|
``Open Menu`` —> ``Settings`` —> ``AAM Zoom Margin`` to adjust that.
|
|
|
|
|
|
## Annotation with polygons
|
|
|
|
|
|
It is used for semantic / instance segmentation.
|
|
|
|
|
|
Be sure ``Z-Order`` flag in ``Create task`` dialog is enabled if you want to
|
|
|
annotate polygons. Z-Order flag defines order of drawing. It is necessary to
|
|
|
get right annotation mask without extra work (additional drawing of borders).
|
|
|
Z-Order can be changed by ``+``/``-`` which set maximum/minimum z-order
|
|
|
accordingly.
|
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|
|
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|
Before starting, you need to be sure that ``Polygon`` is selected.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
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|
|
Press ``N`` for entering drawing mode. There are two ways to draw a polygon
|
|
|
— you either create points by clicking or by dragging mouse on the screen
|
|
|
holding ``Shift``.
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Clicking points | Holding Shift+Dragging |
|
|
|
| -- | -- |
|
|
|
|  |  |
|
|
|
|
|
|
When ``Shift`` isn't pressed, you can zoom in/out (when scrolling the mouse
|
|
|
wheel) and move (when clicking the mouse wheel and moving the mouse), you can
|
|
|
delete the previous point clicking right mouse button. Press ``N`` again for
|
|
|
completing the shape. You can move points or delete them by double-clicking.
|
|
|
Double-click with pressed ``Shift`` will open a polygon editor. There you can
|
|
|
create new points (clicking or dragging) or delete part of a polygon closing
|
|
|
the red line on another point. Press ``Esc`` to cancel editing.
|
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|
Also, you can set fixed number of points in the "poly shape size" field, then
|
|
|
drawing will be stopped automatically. To enable dragging, you should right-click
|
|
|
inside polygon and choose ``Enable Dragging``.
|
|
|
|
|
|
Below you can see results with opacity and black stroke:
|
|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Also, if you need to annotate small objects, increase ``Image Quality`` to
|
|
|
``95`` in ``Create task`` dialog for annotator's convenience.
|
|
|
|
|
|
## Annotation with polylines
|
|
|
|
|
|
It is used for road markup annotation etc.
|
|
|
|
|
|
Before starting, you have to be sure that ``Polyline`` is selected.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Press ``N`` for entering drawing mode. There are two ways to draw a polyline —
|
|
|
you either create points clicking or dragging mouse on the screen, holding ``Shift``.
|
|
|
|
|
|
When ``Shift`` isn't pressed, you can zoom in/out (when scrolling the mouse wheel)
|
|
|
and move (when clicking the mouse wheel and moving the mouse), you can delete
|
|
|
previous point clicking right mouse button. Press ``N`` again to complete the
|
|
|
shape. You can delete points double-clicking them. Double-click with pressed
|
|
|
``Shift`` will open a polyline editor. There you can create new points
|
|
|
(clicking or dragging) or delete part of a polygon closing the red line on
|
|
|
another point. Press ``Esc`` to cancel editing. Also, you can set fixed number
|
|
|
of points in the "poly shape size" field, then drawing will be stopped
|
|
|
automatically. You can adjust the polyline after it has been drawn.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
## Annotation with points
|
|
|
|
|
|
### Points in annotation mode
|
|
|
|
|
|
It is used for face landmarks annotation etc.
|
|
|
|
|
|
Before starting, you have to be sure that ``Points`` is selected.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Press ``N`` for entering drawing mode. Now you can start annotating the necessary area.
|
|
|
Press ``N`` again for finishing marking an area. You can delete points
|
|
|
double-clicking them. Double-click with pressed ``Shift`` will open a points
|
|
|
shape editor. There you can create new points into existing shape. Also, you
|
|
|
can set fixed number of points in the "poly shape size" field, then drawing
|
|
|
will be stopped automatically. Points are automatically grouped — all points
|
|
|
will be considered linked between individual start and finish. You can zoom
|
|
|
in/out (when scrolling the mouse wheel) and move (when clicking the mouse
|
|
|
wheel and moving the mouse) while drawing. You can drag object after it has
|
|
|
been drawn and fix a position of individual points after finishing the object.
|
|
|
You can add/delete points after finishing.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
### Linear interpolation with one point
|
|
|
|
|
|
You can use linear interpolation for points to annotate a moving object:
|
|
|
|
|
|
1. Before starting, you have to be sure that ``Points`` is selected.
|
|
|
1. Linear interpolation works only with one point, so you need to set ``Poly Shapes Size``: 1.
|
|
|
1. After that select the interpolation mode.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1. Press ``N`` or click ``Create Shape`` for entering drawing mode.
|
|
|
Click LMB to create a point and shape will be automatically completed.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1. Move forward a few frames and move the point to the desired position,
|
|
|
this way you will create a keyframe and intermediate frames will be drawn automatically.
|
|
|
You can work with this object as with an interpolated track: hide with help of ``Outside``,
|
|
|
move around keyframes, etc.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1. This way you'll get linear interpolation using `` Points``.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
## Annotation with Auto Segmentation
|
|
|
|
|
|
Used to create a polygon semi-automatically. Before starting, you have to be
|
|
|
sure that ``Auto Segmentation`` is selected.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Press ``N`` for entering drawing mode. Now you can start annotating the necessary area.
|
|
|
Press ``N`` again for finishing marking an area. A shape must consist of 4
|
|
|
points minimum. You can set a fixed number of points in the field
|
|
|
"poly shape size", then drawing will be stopped automatically. You can zoom
|
|
|
in/out (when scrolling the mouse wheel) and move (when clicking the mouse
|
|
|
wheel and moving the mouse) while drawing. At the end of Auto Segmentation,
|
|
|
a shape is created and you can work with it as a polygon.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
## Auto annotation
|
|
|
|
|
|
1. First you need to upload deep learning (DL) models using model manager.
|
|
|
Only models in OpenVINO™ toolkit format are supported.
|
|
|
If you would like to annotate a task with a custom model please convert it
|
|
|
to the intermediate representation (IR) format via the model optimizer tool.
|
|
|
See [OpenVINO documentation](https://software.intel.com/en-us/articles/OpenVINO-InferEngine) for details.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1. Enter model name, and select model file using "Select files" button. To annotate a task with a custom model
|
|
|
you need to prepare 4 files:
|
|
|
- ``Model config`` (*.xml) - a text file with network configuration.
|
|
|
- ``Model weights`` (*.bin) - a binary file with trained weights.
|
|
|
- ``Label map`` (*.json) - a simple json file with label_map dictionary like an object with
|
|
|
string values for label numbers.
|
|
|
- ``Interpretation script`` (*.py) - a file used to convert net output layer to a predefined structure
|
|
|
which can be processed by CVAT.
|
|
|
More about creating model files can be found [here](/cvat/apps/auto_annotation).
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1. After downloading a model you have to create a task or find an already created one and
|
|
|
click ``Run Auto Annotation`` button.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1. In dialog window select a model you need. If it's necessary select the ``Delete current annotation`` checkbox.
|
|
|
Adjust the labels so that the task labels will correspond to the labels of the DL model.
|
|
|
Click ``Start`` to begin the auto annotatiton process.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1. At runtime, you can see percentage of completion. You can also cancel the auto annotation
|
|
|
process by clicking ``Cancel Auto Annotation``
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1. As a result, you will get an annotation with separate bounding boxes (or other shapes)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1. Separated bounding boxes can be edited by removing false positives, adding unlabeled objects, and
|
|
|
merging into tracks using ``Merge Shape``
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
## Shape grouping
|
|
|
|
|
|
This feature allows to group several shapes.
|
|
|
|
|
|
You may use ``Group Shapes`` button or shortcuts:
|
|
|
- ``G`` — switch group mode
|
|
|
- ``Alt+G`` — close group mode
|
|
|
- ``Shift+G`` — reset group for selected shapes
|
|
|
|
|
|
You may select shapes clicking on them or selecting an area.
|
|
|
|
|
|
Grouped shapes will have ``group_id`` filed in dumped annotation.
|
|
|
|
|
|
Also you may switch color distribution from an instance (default) to a group.
|
|
|
You have to switch ``Color By Group`` checkbox for that.
|
|
|
|
|
|
Shapes that don't have ``group_id``, will be highlighted in white.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
## Filter
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
There are some reasons to use the feature:
|
|
|
|
|
|
1. When you use a filter, objects that don't match the filter will be hidden.
|
|
|
1. Fast navigation between frames that have an object of interest. Use
|
|
|
``Left Arrow`` / ``Right Arrow`` keys for the purpose. If the filter is empty,
|
|
|
the arrows go to previous/next frames which contain any objects.
|
|
|
1. The list contains frequently used and recent filters.
|
|
|
|
|
|
To use the functionality, it is enough to specify a value inside ``Filter`` text
|
|
|
box and defocus the text box (for example, click on the image). After that, the
|
|
|
filter will be applied.
|
|
|
|
|
|
---
|
|
|
In the trivial case, the correct filter must match the template: ``label[prop operator "value"]``
|
|
|
|
|
|
``label`` is a type of an object (e.g. _person, car, face_, etc.). If the type isn't important, you can use ``*``.
|
|
|
|
|
|
``prop`` is a property which should be filtered. The following items are available:
|
|
|
|
|
|
- ``id`` — identifier of an object. It helps to find a specific object easily
|
|
|
in case of huge number of objects and images or frames.
|
|
|
- ``type`` — an annotation type. Possible values: ``annotation``, ``interpolation``
|
|
|
- ``lock`` accepts ``true`` and ``false`` values. It can be used to hide all locked objects.
|
|
|
- ``occluded`` accepts ``true`` and ``false`` values. It can be used to hide all occluded objects.
|
|
|
- ``attr`` is a prefix to access attributes of an object. For example, it is possible to
|
|
|
access _race_ attribute. For the purpose you should specify
|
|
|
- ``attr/race``. To access all attributes, it is necessary to write ``attr/*``.
|
|
|
|
|
|
``operator`` can be ``=`` (equal), ``!=`` (not equal), ``<`` (less), ``>``
|
|
|
(more), ``<=`` (less or equal), ``>=`` (more or equal).
|
|
|
|
|
|
``"value"`` — value of an attribute or a property. It has to be specified in quotes.
|
|
|
|
|
|
---
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Example | Description |
|
|
|
| -------------------------------|------------- |
|
|
|
| ``face`` | all faces |
|
|
|
| ``*[id=4]`` | object with id #4 |
|
|
|
| ``*[type="annotation"]`` | annotated objects only |
|
|
|
| ``car[occluded="true"]`` | cars with _occluded_ property |
|
|
|
| ``*[lock!="true"]`` | all unlocked objects |
|
|
|
| ``car[attr/parked="true"]`` | parked cars |
|
|
|
| ``*[attr/*="__undefined__"]`` | any objects with ``__undefined__`` value of an attribute |
|
|
|
| ``*[width<300 or height<300]`` | shape less than 300 pixels wide and more than 200 pixels high |
|
|
|
|
|
|
---
|
|
|
|
|
|
The functionality allows to create more complex conditions. Several filters can
|
|
|
be combined by ``or``, ``and``, ``|`` operators. Operators ``or``, ``and`` can
|
|
|
be applied inside square brackets. ``|`` operator (union) can be applied
|
|
|
outside of square brackets.
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Example | Description |
|
|
|
| -------------------------------------------------------- |------------- |
|
|
|
| ``person[attr/age>="25" and attr/age<="35"]`` | people with age between 25 and 35. |
|
|
|
| ``face[attr/glass="sunglass" or attr/glass="no"]`` | faces with sunglasses or without glasses at all. |
|
|
|
| ``person[attr/race="asian"]`` \| ``car[attr/model="bmw" or attr/model="mazda"]`` | asian persons or bmw or mazda cars. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
## Analytics
|
|
|
|
|
|
If your CVAT instance is created with analytics support, you can press the
|
|
|
"analytics" button in dashboard, a new tab with analytics and journals will
|
|
|
be opened.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
It allows you to see how much working time every user spend on each task and how much they did, over any time range.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
It also has activity graph which can be modified with number of users shown and timeframe.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
## Shortcuts
|
|
|
|
|
|
Many UI elements have shortcut hints. Put your pointer to a required element to see it.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Shortcut | Common |
|
|
|
|----------------------- |------------------------------ |
|
|
|
| ``F1`` | open help |
|
|
|
| ``F1`` in dashboard | open page with documentation |
|
|
|
| ``F2`` | open settings |
|
|
|
| ``L`` | lock/unlock an active shape |
|
|
|
| ``L+T`` | lock/unlock all shapes on the current frame |
|
|
|
| ``Q`` or ``Num/`` | set occluded property for an active shape |
|
|
|
| ``N`` | start/stop draw mode |
|
|
|
| ``Esc`` | close draw mode without create |
|
|
|
| ``Ctrl+<number>`` | change type of an active shape |
|
|
|
| ``Shift+<number>`` | change type of new shape by default |
|
|
|
| `` Alt + >`` | switch next default shape type |
|
|
|
| ``Alt + <`` | switch previous default shape type |
|
|
|
| ``Enter`` | change color of active shape |
|
|
|
| ``H`` | hide active shape |
|
|
|
| ``T+H`` | hide all shapes |
|
|
|
| ``J`` | hide labels with attributes on every frame |
|
|
|
| ``Delete`` | delete an active shape |
|
|
|
| ``Shift+Delete`` | delete an active shape even if it is locked |
|
|
|
| ``F`` | go to next frame |
|
|
|
| ``D`` | go to previous frame |
|
|
|
| ``V`` | go forward with a predefined step |
|
|
|
| ``C`` | go backward with a predefined step |
|
|
|
| ``~`` | focus to ``go to frame`` element |
|
|
|
| ``Ctrl + R`` | clockwise image rotation |
|
|
|
| ``Ctrl + Shift + R`` | counter clockwise image rotation |
|
|
|
| ``Ctrl+C`` | copy an active shape |
|
|
|
| ``Ctrl+V`` | insert a copied shape |
|
|
|
| ``Ctrl+Z`` | undo previous action |
|
|
|
| ``Ctrl+Shift+Z``/``Ctrl+Y`` | redo previous action |
|
|
|
| ``Shift+B``/``Alt+B`` | increase/decrease brightness on an image |
|
|
|
| ``Shift+C``/``Alt+C`` | increase/decrease contrast on an image |
|
|
|
| ``Shift+S``/``Alt+S`` | increase/decrease saturation on an image |
|
|
|
| ``Alt + G + '+', Alt + G + '-'`` | increase/decrease grid opacity |
|
|
|
| ``Alt + G + Enter`` | change grid color |
|
|
|
| ``Ctrl+S`` | save job |
|
|
|
| ``Ctrl+B`` | propagate active shape |
|
|
|
| ``+``/``-`` | change relative order of highlighted box (if Z-Order is enabled) |
|
|
|
| | **Interpolation** |
|
|
|
| ``M`` | enter/apply merge mode |
|
|
|
| ``Esc`` | close merge mode without apply the merge |
|
|
|
| ``R`` | go to the next key frame of an active shape |
|
|
|
| ``E`` | go to the previous key frame of an active shape |
|
|
|
| ``O`` | change attribute of an active shape to "Outside the frame" |
|
|
|
| ``K`` | mark current frame as key frame on an active shape |
|
|
|
| | **Attribute annotation mode** |
|
|
|
| ``Shift+Enter`` | enter/leave Attribute Annotation mode |
|
|
|
| ``Up Arrow`` | go to the next attribute (up) |
|
|
|
| ``Down Arrow`` | go to the next attribute (down) |
|
|
|
| ``Tab`` | go to the next annotated object |
|
|
|
| ``Shift+Tab`` | go to the previous annotated object |
|
|
|
| ``<number>`` | assign a corresponding value to the current attribute |
|
|
|
| | **Grouping** |
|
|
|
| ``G`` | switch group mode |
|
|
|
| ``Esc`` | close group mode |
|
|
|
| ``Shift+G`` | reset group for selected shapes |
|
|
|
| | **Filter** |
|
|
|
| ``Left Arrow`` | go to the previous frame which corresponds to the specified filter value |
|
|
|
| ``Right Arrow`` | go to the next frame which corresponds to the specified filter value |
|
|
|
|
|
|
## Hints
|
|
|
Hold ``Mouse Wheel`` to move frame (for example, while drawing)
|
|
|
|
|
|
Hold ``Ctrl`` when shape is active and fix it.
|
|
|
|
|
|
Hold ``Ctrl`` when paste shape from buffer for multiple pasting.
|